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4th DCASeptember 30, 2026Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded with directions⭐ Notable

Mohammed v. Ali (n/k/a Bradford)

Case No. 4D2025-3095

The father appealed a final judgment modifying the parties' parenting plan, which contained a clause providing that if the parents disagreed about the child's medical treatment, they would obtain a 'binding' second opinion. The Fourth District held the clause unlawfully delegated the court's decision-making authority under section 61.13(2)(c) to a third party and reversed only that portion, remanding for an amended judgment removing the clause.

Key facts

  • Father appealed a final judgment modifying the parties' parenting plan that included a clause requiring the parents to obtain a 'binding' second opinion from a third party if they disagreed about the child's medical treatment.
  • The trial court approved the parenting plan modification with the binding second-opinion clause as part of the shared parental responsibility arrangement.
  • +2 more key facts with a free trial

Why it matters

Practitioners drafting or defending shared parental responsibility provisions should avoid 'tie-breaker' clauses that make a third party's opinion binding; the Fourth District now squarely holds such mechanisms are an… — full analysis with a trial

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